IN
Washington uses two different supervision standards. For ordinary practice on public roads, a licensed driver with at least 5 years of driving experience must sit beside the permit holder. For driving hours counted toward an under-18 intermediate license, the supervising driver must be at least 21 and have held a valid driver license for at least 3 years.
For ordinary instruction-permit driving on public roads, a qualified supervisor is a licensed driver with at least 5 years of driving experience who occupies the seat beside the learner. The statute does not say the current license itself must have been issued 5 years ago.
An expired, suspended, or otherwise invalid license does not satisfy the requirement to be a licensed supervising driver. Check the supervisor's current license status before practice.
| Situation | Supervisor Standard |
|---|---|
| Driving legally on public roads with an instruction permit | Licensed driver with at least 5 years of driving experience, seated beside the learner |
| Driving hours counted toward the under-18 intermediate-license requirement | Supervisor must be at least 21 and have held a valid driver license for at least 3 years |
Not for ordinary public-road supervision. RCW 46.20.055 requires a licensed driver with at least 5 years of driving experience beside the learner. The age-21 rule applies to the separate driving hours counted toward an under-18 intermediate license.
The instruction-permit statute says a licensed driver with the required experience; it does not say the license must be issued by Washington. The supervisor still needs a valid license and must meet the applicable experience standard.
They govern different things. The 5-year driving-experience rule determines who may sit beside a permit holder for ordinary public-road practice. The 21+ and 3-year license-history rule determines whether supervised hours can count toward the under-18 intermediate-license requirement.
For ordinary public-road practice, Washington does not set a separate minimum supervisor age in RCW 46.20.055. The key rule is a licensed driver with at least 5 years of driving experience. Family relationship is not required. The separate 50-hour certification rule does require the person supervising those counted hours to be at least 21 and licensed for at least 3 years.
| Scenario | Ordinary Permit Practice | 50-Hour Count |
|---|---|---|
| 22-year-old sibling with 5+ years driving experience | Qualifies if licensed | Qualifies if licensed for at least 3 years |
| Parent or friend with an out-of-state license and 5+ years driving experience | The statute does not require a Washington-issued license | For counted hours, must also be 21+ and licensed for at least 3 years |
| 25-year-old friend with only 1 year of driving experience | Does not qualify | Does not meet the 3-year license-history rule |
For the 50-hour intermediate-license requirement, a parent, guardian, employer, or qualifying responsible adult certifies that the applicant completed the required driving experience. The individual supervising each counted drive must meet the 21+ and 3-year license-history standard.
Yes, if that person meets the applicable legal standard. Being a parent, sibling, friend, or other relative is not what decides ordinary permit-supervisor eligibility.
Washington law allows the required certification to come from a parent, guardian, employer, or qualifying responsible adult. That certification is separate from the rule for each counted drive, which must be supervised by someone age 21 or older who has held a valid driver license for at least 3 years.
If the person beside the learner does not meet the applicable supervision rule, the permit holder is not satisfying the conditions for legal permit practice on public roads. Exact consequences depend on the violation, so use the dedicated driving-alone and traffic-violation guides for penalty details.
The 50-hour rule is different: hours only count toward the intermediate-license requirement when the supervising driver meets the separate 21+ and 3-year license-history standard.
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