Revise the photoelectric effect, photons, Einstein's equation, matter waves and the de Broglie relation through concise explanations, formulas and chapter-focused summaries.
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These notes bring together the main ideas from Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter, including the photoelectric effect, photons, Einstein's equation, matter waves and the de Broglie relation. Definitions, relationships and formulas are presented in a compact sequence so students can reconnect each result with the concept behind it. Use the notes after reading the chapter, while solving examples, or during final revision. They are designed to improve recall and clarify the chapter structure, while diagrams, derivations and numerical methods should still be practised separately wherever the textbook or examination requires them.